Axel gives him shit and per his playbook the hound gets all wound up and snarls menacingly in resonse.
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Axel gives him shit and per his playbook the hound gets all wound up and snarls menacingly in resonse.
What shit did he give me? Haven't you learned by now the hard way about Days of Wine and Roses delirium tremens and marijuana induced psychosis. In other words that you keep seeing and hearing things that aren't there! (including any reason whatsoever to support UNKewLying).
A.Wolf hasn't mentioned MDawg in months. I just felt compelled to set the record straight about his alcoholism since he hasn't copped to it lately is all.
https://i.imgur.com/b1Wc6zdl.jpg
I was reminding you as to WHY you flame him.
You don't have to be a drunken fool to post idiocy (with seeming authority) but it definitely helps.
Already know that A.Wolf is a dunsky when it comes to table games or casino cage checks (Show me the CTR!), but now he's established how antiquated his knowledge is about online casinos, with ridiculous advice that Mental, who unlike the Wolf plays sometime within this decade, just schooled him on.
Also likely he had a mullet as a yout.
AxelAss seems to have taken cues from HunterHill ass in terms of disclosing the contents of private messages while making all but clear that the author was MDawg.
I am under no obligation to keep what I wrote to someone private, but I intended to do so anyway until the Wolf decided to air my PM in public. As long as it is all out there at least the truth should be disclosed. I didn’t ask AxelAss what race he is - rather I told him that people had told me that he’s half Chinese, from his mother.
When I told him this I made clear that I didn’t care what race he or anyone else was. Sure we use race as an identifying characteristic the same way law enforcement does when describing a subject (UNKewlJ for example has been ID’ed positively as a Pac Islander), but most of us (with the exception of a couple bad apples) do not resort to racial slurs.
The reason I told Wolf about the fact that he is half Chinese is this gainsays his repeated claims about having a big schlong. Chinese don’t have big schlongs so obviously that boast of A.Wolf is simply that - a boast.
The Mdawg is a sick, sick fuck. And a really small, lowlife of a human being.
Looks like you were wrong.
https://i.imgur.com/6oBCbD5h.jpg
And it is whoever...when who is used as a subject it remains who. Including when it follows after the to be verbs, hence "It was who" (not it was whom), or Who was it? (not Whom was it). Whom is for when the word is used as an object, as in "This post is about whom?"
In that sentence remove the (it was that) subject modifier to make it more clear...the correct would be "Whoever was stalking KJ." But, can't expect a Chinese to know that. Or have a big dick like he loves to tell us repeatedly that he supposedly does.
And nothing speaks phony like someone who uses the word Whom wrongly.
Wolf, it's okay to use Who when the correct might be Whom - whom has fallen into archaic usage.
But when you go out of your way to use Whom and use it wrongly, you're close to entering the phony intellectual realm. Like someone who claims to be an Existentialist but spells it wrong. Or writes constantly about having a big dick when he's half Chinese.
EVERYTHING about Madwgs latest posts are racist. Categorizing and demonizing people based on race is very definition of racism.
I don't know whether some of the things he is saying about people and their race is true or not. He made up a lie about my race, so he may have done so with others as well. But that doesn't even matter, if he thinks what he is saying is true, then he is doxing people, by revealing information about them that they have not revealed. Information that could be identifying and damaging, especially to an advantage player.
This guy is off the deep end with his trolling. He is so angry at every single person that has ever publicly stated that they don't believe his fantasy claims. It is way over the line. It should not be tolerated on a forum populated by advantage players, who try and need to keep their identity hidden from the casinos that we play against. And it should not be tolerated on a forum owned and run by a guy that is at least a part-time advantage player.
Come on Druff...enforce something. At least the doxing part of your own written rules.
Pac Islanders are stupid, and your breathtakingly hypocritical post above and all your conflicting lies and inability to even keep your fables straight prove it!
Quote:
Originally Posted by Punkcity
etc. etc.
UNKewlJ use of the n word
This was the Check Challenge I made with Wolf that showed how little Wolf knows about casinos. Keep in mind that this guy A.Wolf thought that a CTR is an actual slip, a piece of paper that is handed to a player when cashing in or out over $10K cash, and demanded that some forum member at WOV who claimed to win a lot at blackjack show his CTR as proof of the win!
https://i.imgur.com/1yknPO1h.jpg
Sounds like from one drunk to another, a comraderie?
That you might have switched your poison doesn't remove the fact that you and Wolf are both alcoholics.
Looks like I'm starting the day with "live" feed versus AI generated inputs. I think I prefer the latter though, especially as I get busier but today is the weekend....
This retard is busy coming up with his next fake baccarat session.
The only "poison" i may have "switched" occurred last century when I quit drinking and took up casino gambling and with it a related "addiction" of flaming internet braggarts, imposters, assholes and wannabe influencers.
Quote:
Originally Posted by MDawg
Why isn't this retard making up more fake stories about being backed off?
Over at WOV, some discussion of poker. A.Wolf once claimed that he has no tells. This may be true! He’s probably so blotto from strong drink and then constantly twitching nervously that no one can tell if he’s nervous or suffering from Parkinson’s.
Why isn't this retard making up more fake baccarat sessions?
After Mike told KGB his tell everyone at the card room kicked his ass
We’ve known for years he only eats Oreos when he has a hand, and you had to go tell him!!!!!
As much as I don't want to and have decided to curtail my participation here, I am NOT going to let you get away with this shit without comment.
This is just another case of you attacking a real advantage player, real player because they publicly doubt you. Axelwolf rightfully pointed out that the only thing verified about you over all these years and tens of millions of dollars of claims of winning, is 1 very short, very small (by your claims) session, that was essentially a free roll for you, courtesy of Darkoz. That proved nothing in regards to your tens of millions in winnings claims over the past 5-6 years. You are no more verified than I, who choses on principal not to verify/prove anything. And even less because your claims defy how everything in Gambling and Las Vegas works.
Axelwolf on the other hand is verified. His plays (+EV) and what he does are verified by numerous other players/people he has met. (A route I chose not to go).
Dawg you really a fucking sleaze bag, attacking, lying about and attempting to discredit every real player/AP that doesn't believe you and your bullshit story. You are the reason more APs don't participate and share thing on these forums. You are or have destroyed several forums now with you bullshit claims and then attacking/discrediting real players who challenge them. You are a real fucking low life of a human being.
I've been debunking paranormal claims for 40 years. So let me quickly critique the problems with what KewlJ(s) just wrote.
"His plays (+EV) and what he does are verified by numerous other players/people he has met."
Now let's examine that statement. The problems are obvious, but I'll point them out in a moment anyway. First, I'd like to contrast the "verification" of which the Kewlj(s) claim with the verification of a sports bettor being monitored by third parties that record the plays before the events and then tally and report the results for full seasons. It's very difficult, with the exception of using multiple accounts and categories, for a handicapper "being monitored" to fake anything.
Now back to Axelwolf. The questions to ask of the KewlJ(s) statements are pretty obvious, as I said. First, the KewlJ(s) use the word "numerous" yet provide no actual tally, or even an approximate tally of people allegedly willing to claim Axelwolf wins, much less how much he wins. Likewise, the KewlJ(s) provide no names. More importantly, the KewlJ(s) mention no published descriptions of Axelwolf's personal gambling history provided by neutral third parties. In fact, there are no descriptions of Axelwolf's historical success even by his family members or business partners. Is there legal documentation even by Axelwolf? In other words, does Axelwolf have on file with attorneys even the legal claim on record that he won this year, that year, in total, and so on? If not, why not? Affidavits are relatively easy to fill out and notarize. I have done some and have no issue doing any. So does Axelwolf have such legal documentation on file anywhere?
Barring Axelwolf's play actually being monitored 24/7 by a third party, the likeliest recourse, it seems to me, would be notarized affidavits signed by partners and family members. Even these are, of course, suspect, but at least someone is willing to perjure themselves to verify that Axelwolf has won this year, that year, and so on, thus there would be some at least limited value to having affidavits on file.
MrV and MDawg can comment on this stuff, being attorneys, but what KewlJ(s) mentioned as "proof" in the post above is in fact sorely lacking in evidentiary value. The post above is simply hearsay, and it's a kind of sad hearsay at that.
Now do I think Axelwolf has won? Yes I do. Do I think he has shared "proof" of his winning? Well, no I do not.
This post isn't really an attack on Axelwolf. It's a critique of KewlJ(s) posting a nonsensical, declarative claim.
In summary, would the KewlJ(s) testify under oath that Axelwolf has won? If the KewlJ(s) did, what arguments would lawyers use to shoot down the testimony? If KewlJ(s) expect everyone to accept hearsay as fact, well, that is just silly.
Shut up Redietz. "debunking paranormal claims". YOU are a fucking paranormal nut job. :cool:
This isn't about you or your 1984 McCusker reports or contests that you did well in (which you refuse to explain how it even translates to financially, other than a tool to show perspective "clients" for you tout service).
Everything isn't fucking about you Redietz or what you did in 1984.
What this is....is Mdawg using the Rob Singer playbook to attack and try to discredit every real player that knows how things work and knows their stories are NOT how things work.
The problem with this strategy is that attacking and discrediting others, doesn't elevate these guy's claims. Never has throughout the history of time and it never will. Their claims have to stand on their own and they simply cannot.
Perfect example. None of this does anything to advance or make your ridiculous claims any more credible.
Dawg what if I were lying about every single thing I ever posted? I am not, just changing a few minor details to throw people like you off. (used to be the casinos and "associates" that were my main concern, now it is trolls like you and the late "moses").
But what if every single aspect of my story and claim were a lie. How does that in any way make anything you claims more credible? It doesn't!! NEVER has worked that way and never will!
I knew a guy who said he was up 1 Million Dollars in a few days but later admitted he was actually “about even”
When I asked him how he could lose track of 1 Million Dollars like that he said something like:
“I bet $100,000 a hand so me losing track of 1 Million Dollars is only losing track of 10 bets. If you (me) being a red chipper were betting $10 per hand & thought you were up $100 but when you got home and counted your money realized that you were ‘about even’ it wouldn’t be a big deal would it?”
And then it all made perfect sense.
Pay attention UNKewlJ. And learn. It is possible to ignore without coming back with a sheet of repetitive text the way you do, when I’ve already made my point. Which is why I ignore Wolf at WOV and many others here.
And then just turn the AI responder back on.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Rob.Singer
Now this is funny!
Kew is "NOT" gonna let him get away with this!!" Hahahahahahahaha!!!
Where's that mdawg quote about the fairy scolding some normal person, holding his hand on his hip while whining "Now just a minute there, Miiisssster!" Kew's post here is just another example of how a sickening little weakling reacts to meaningless topics and posts, as if his sensitive little world was getting a golden shower from the big bad wolf. :)
And then we have "I really don't want to comment as I've vowed to curtail my participation here" or some such shit....kew--read everyone's lips: YOU LIE EVERY TIME YOU TALK STUPID LIKE THIS BECAUSE YOURE A VERY WEAK, TROUBLED, TORTURED, AND HIGHLY INCAPABLE INDIVIDUAL WHO LACKS THE SELF-CONFIDENCE TO EVER DO WHAT YOU SAY YOU'RE GONNA DO.
In short, you're very sorrowfully are woefully incapable to improve upon the low-level life you struggle mightily to live. And you are the perfect example of someone who just can't help himself. You're someone who constantly worries about how others perceive you because acceptance and relevance are goals you've always failed to attain. You're hard-on over mdawg, his real life success, him being normal "upstairs", and his ability to live the casino life you've forever dreamed about living, has only ripped your miserable & shattered life apart even more.
But please keep it up. I like it!
Nobody cares what you have to say Rob. You are a bitter OLD degenerate losing gambler, living out his final days mooching off his daughter. What a fucking retirement plan. You like to talk about losers Rob. Can there be any bigger loser in life than this?
And I don't even "like it". I take no pleasure in your situation. It is just pathetically sad.
https://i.imgur.com/3nmNeg9m.jpg
Quote:
Originally Posted by Ozzy
How is this trip visiting Las Vegas going dawg?
Sunday at noon. 75 degree perfect day and you are spending the day trolling multiple other real players on 2 forums. Yeah that is what normal, healthy people visiting las Vegas do. :rolleyes:
Dawg if you were really what you claim, a higher limit long-term winning player, you wouldn't need to try to discredit everyone that doubts you. You wouldn't need to drive away players and members that doubt you. You wouldn't try to silence players/members that doubt you like you do trying to get people suspended or banned.
You would welcome the opportunity to respectfully discuss and further explain what people doubting you might not understand.
That fact that you go the opposite route every time, trying to bully, discredit and silence anyone that doubts you, is more than telling. It reveals everything.
"You would welcome the opportunity to respectfully discuss and further explain what people doubting you might not understand."
This lie is rich kew.
How many time have I described how and why my play strategy has won me $375k over the 4 years I played it? And because you don't like that I profited from it and because you're not mathematically proficient enuf nor capable of comprehending strategy complexities, your answer was to call me names, lie about anything about me, and then continuously make false claims about me as you try desperately to convince everyone else you're right.
This is what gambling losers do kew, and all those people out there that you pretend you've convinced, also know how losers react to others winning.
You're just too dense to see it.
Some people are self-taught gambling math...but for college boys like tewlj, the math curriculum was very weak in Florida, and Villanova's expectation was that he understood math before admitting him.
The result?...a perfect storm of math illiteracy.
Ans THAT is not how Vegas works.
Rob, THIS wasn't even your story or claim when I joined this forum in 2016. At THAT time your story was that you played your Singer progression system for an entire decade during the 2000s winning over a million dollars. You later changed that to 4 years winning 375k to make room for playing the double up bug claim that you stole, for the other 5 years.
And this wasn't changing some minor details so that you couldn't be identified. This was your basic story and timeline that you completely altered. :D
This left you with two entirely different claims, neither matching your original claim for decades. The first, the progressive system claim that can NOT result in long-term winning and the second a claim that you stole from the players that did it, years after the fact (and it hit the news). So NO, there can be no respectful discussion about that kind of silliness Rob.
It's a bit of a paradox. If you don't lie, you don't know how LV works. If you do know how LV works, then you've gotta lie. If you tell the truth, then you obviously don't know how LV works. The Way Vegas Works, according to the KewlJ(s).
Remind you of anybody?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkYNBwCEeH4
You know, the more I think about the hearsay that forms the backbone of most "AP" claims on this site, and compare it to the grind of actually doing your job, with your name on it, in public, the more ridiculous I find it that the resident "APs" somehow think they have cornered the market on legitimacy.
Anonymous undocumented hearsay as the foundation of your reputation. Wow. And you actually expect people to buy what you're selling.
What a gig.
It actually is a bit of a paradox. But not how you are making it out to be. So I will explain it to you one time, since you either have no clue or are pretending not to know how it works.
There are 2 parts to advantage play. Any advantage play. No matter what the player is doing from the simplest things I engage in like card counting to the much more advanced things others do.
Part 1 is discovering or becoming aware of a vulnerability in the game, based on mathematics that can turn the game in the player favor (+EV). This player advantage can be ever so slight, as in the case of card counting, or 100+% VP play return, to some of the much bigger edges and advantages that the guys much smarter than I are finding these days.
Part 2 is figuring out how to play that game at that advantage for as long as you can. Hence the word "longevity".
Because Las Vegas or more broadly the casino industry WILL figure out the vulnerability and stop or try to stop players from playing it. This is why casinos want or in some cases are now starting to require players play rated. It isn't because they are nice guys and want to comp them. :D They want to track everybody to be able to quickly spot the players that have found some kind of vulnerability (advantage play) that allows them to win, so they can shut it down or shut that player down.
Now with what I do, card counting, the part about the casinos figuring it out, happened 50-60 years ago. Nothing new here. Well nothing major anyway. Players have to play in a way to overcome a little higher house edge than 50 years ago because of the rule changes the casinos implemented, things like dealer h17 for example. But that is very minor. The casino have long ago before I was even born figured out what was going on. In part because some players like Thorp and Revere literally showed them. :D
So with card counting in this day and age, you skip right to part 2. Finding ways to be able to play. That can range from doing some things that are a bit deceitful, to just playing limits that are tolerated, so you win smaller amounts each visit or session. And of course, playing unrated, as much as possible to make it harder to track your play. And any player like myself that is going to talk about what they are doing, you can because there is nothing new, but you have to be a bit deceitful and change details and occasionally even lie, otherwise something you describe can be easily linked back to you, even playing unrated. So yeah, there is some lying and deceit in Part 2, if you are going to talk about it on forums or public, even though nothing is new.
Now the guys that are doing some of the newer advanced stuff (way over my pay grade).... they aren't talking about it. It may come up years later like mickeycrimm just linked to the story describing Grosjean/Munchkin hitting that craps game played with cards in Oklahoma, but that has been 9 years now. They weren't talking about it on forums when it was going down, before casinos knew what was hitting them, so there was no reason for them to lie and be deceitful. If you don't talk, you don't have to change details, omit details and sometimes lie. If you do talk because the play is known, well yes, you have to change some details and sometimes lie, just so something identifying can't be linked back to you.
You really should read that story mickey linked to. It shows the 2 parts of advantage play clear as day. It shows Grosjean spotting the vulnerability and figuring the math and testing that out and then it shows Part 2, him and his team figuring how to best play to get maximum return before it is discovered and either the game shut down or they were shut down. That is the longevity part. Because of James's experience and expertise, he even knew or had a pretty strong idea what that amount would be....what that game was worth before they shut it or him down.
Now once you understand these 2 very distinct parts of advantage play, you understand why claims like dawgs and Singers before him are so egregious. Dare I say it....it is just not the way things work. Players have to take the money and figure out ways to take it and be able to take it. Casinos aren't just handing it over without caring like Dawg has always claimed. THAT is the part I have always found insulting.
And Singer is even worse. He didn't even get to step 1 (not sure Dawg did either), but Singer is claiming his advantage is some long ago disproved shit like progressive wagering. :cool:
Why isn't this retard making up more fake baccarat sessions?
I have a great idea. Why don't we divide the forum into two parts? Maybe four parts, in fact.
We can have:
1) Verifiable wins versus casinos by people with real names.
2) Verifiable wins by anonymous people (in case you're wondering how that works, a sports monitor and a handicapper who wishes to remain anonymous or assigns the winning to an AI).
3) Non-verifiable stories by real people.
4) Non-verifiable stories by anonymous people.
These are four distinctly different things. Readers can then decide what degree of make believe or hearsay should be attached to each category and each poster.
The problem with the KewlJ(s) narratives is that they're basically all hearsay. Not admissible in court. Not even entered into evidence. The only difference between the KewlJ(s)' stories (which is what they are) and MDawg's is that the KewlJ(s) attach "This is the way LV works" to their stories. MDawg attaches photos.
Do you consider people such as Anthony Curtis and other public figures who use a pen name anonymous?
Pictures are meaningless unless you have witnesses and people who can back it up. Anyone can get pictures of anything, but that doesn't mean they are truly their pics.
Anything can be faked.
The past is meaningless. What are you doing now, what can you do now?
My previous offers still stand, put your skill up vs me(you don't believe I have any so it's an easy win for you). If you don't want to reveal your pics, fine. Dan Druff/Mike/someone we both agree on gets access to our accounts. The winner(whoever makes the most profit) over x period of time wins 5k, 10k+, you choose. Somthing like that, if you are willing to put up your skill, we can hammer out the details and come up with something.
Better categories might be:
1.) Claims made by people running a "tout" service.
2.) Claims made by people NOT selling or monetizing anything.
Section 1) could be divided into 2 subsections. a) this century. b) 1900's. Maybe even a third subsection just for claims made in 1984.
At various times during my challenges of people like Dawg and Singer, I would compare them to youtube scammers and people like Dan Druff's buddy Christopher Mitchell making similar bullshit claims. Dan Druff didn't like that comparison because there was no monetizing their claims.
Well hasn't redietz breeched that line now? While he isn't soliciting people directly on this forum, he is linking to his site that is soliciting "clients".
Results are an outcome of an action that took place in the past.
Results ascribe meaning to the past.
I've read current posts where red discusses what he is doing now, and how his results have been verified.
What are you doing now, what can you do now?
Everything you've reported is about the past, I don't recall anything being verified...has anything you've done been verified?
Where is it required that anything be verified? This is a gambling internet forum, not a court of law. No one is on trial.
Redietz only chooses to verify cherry picked results from good years and contests because he uses that information to solicit clients and customers.
If everyone is required to verify every statement they make, you aren't going to have any real professional level players posting much. Too much risk. You might have a few recreational type or level players prove or verify a few things if it is important to them, that is all.
I didn't assert that anyone is required to verify anything, your comment is a deflection.
I asked if anything that he's claimed has been verified.
What is the issue about verification that would cause members not to post?
Some members agree to verify willingly, not because they are required to...obviously.
It seems that the lack of willingness to verify causes many of the disputes around here.
The liar's default is to assume others are lying.
Those who refuse to verify anything are eager to tear down good faith attempts of those who are willing to verify...is if harm would somehow come if you believed or ignored the attempt.
The past is meaningless? LOL. Where'd you come up with that? I thought you were an "AP?" I need to use that line when I head to the Pearly Gates for an evaluation. "Yes, God, my past is meaningless. Axelwolf says so."
No kidding, pictures are meaningless. If you actually read what I wrote, you can kind of get that gist. MDawg's photos don't mean much at all, but they mean more than KewlJ(s) spouting nonsense vis-a-vis his alleged bonusing profits at sports books. I've been bonusing (is that a verb?) at the same books the KewlJ (s) allegedly exploit so proficiently, and I've been at those books for decades. The KewlJ(s) either (1) don't bet very much or (2) hypnotize the software at those books into not recognizing what he's doing. Pick one.
Mr. Flowers isn't anonymous. If I have video of you, odds are you aren't anonymous. I say that as someone whose brother-in-law owned a chain of PI offices in the southwest and whose nephew is enrolled for an online forensics degree at Bloomsburg. Curt is using a pen name more than he's being "anonymous." And no -- I'm not on a first name basis with him. The bugger tossed me out of his office and threatened to call metro on me. But we made nice since then. We actually have parallel tracking life experiences in Las Vegas in many ways. He's a fine writer and editor. His editing style is a better version of mine. He has managed the very difficult accomplishment of making everything in the LVA sound as if it's coming from a single voice with a single attitude. It's really something. The entire tone and perspective is based on a middle-class, value-oriented voice.
Now, accountinquestion and you, for example, are anonymous. But if I bought this forum tomorrow, well, your chances of being anonymous to me by the end of the week are not great.
You be you, Axelwolf. You actually think you are God's gift to gambling. I see you as a niche-wrangling opportunist who can be shut down by any casino that halfway pays attention. But to each his own.
LOL
It's always fun to watch laymen express opinions on thorny legal issues such as hearsay.
Mr. Dietz, I regret to inform you that your comment above is WRONG.
KJ's comment is NOT "hearsay" and would be fully admissible in a court of law.
As framed by you, the CORRECT analysis would be "what probative weight should be given to KJ's claims" and NOT "no court would allow him to say that during a trial."
A judge will pretty much always let someone testify as to what they claim to have done: that will be admitted into evidence as "direct testimony" and most certainly is NOT "hearsay.".
Note: just because something is admitted into evidence does NOT make it "true."
Please weigh in next on your cogent understanding of "The Rule Against Perpetuities:" that would rock.
Who cares about verification or non verification?
Anyone with half a brain can figure out who is full of shit on here & who is not.
And the people that can’t figure it out would be just as easily misled by “verification”
I'm not talking about KJ.
But, talk about niche-wrangling opertunits, I would say recruiting investors for college football betting seems like the perfect definition of a niche-wrangling opertunits. I don't think I'm God's gift to gambling, I never said or portrayed anything close to that. I know what I know, and how, and that's what I do.
Not to challenge your legal expertise, MrV, but could you point to the post where I said, "no court would allow him (meaning KewlJ(s)) to say that during a trial." My neurons have aged considerably, and sometimes I get confused as to what I actually wrote. So please humor me. I appreciate it.
Please do feel free to challenge or question my comments.
I was responding to your characterizing KJ's statements as being "basically all hearsay."
So far as me claiming that you said "no court would allow him (meaning KewlJ(s)) to say that during a trial: I never said that you made that specific claim.
I guess I confused you by using quotation marks for emphasis as opposed to attribution: mea culpa.
Were his comments "hearsay" then the court would sustain a hearsay objection and disallow the testimony: that is the crux of my response.
Evidently Axelwolf has no friggin' idea what a monitor is, or how someone could post plays in a newsletter appearing on literally thousands of newsstands, or how someone in something like The Wise Guys Contest for 30 years, with thousands of people seeing the two-games-a-week, can't really make shit up.
That's fine. I don't expect people to understand the actual history of the sports handicapping business or know anything about it. It is a little bizarre, though, for people who don't know this stuff to make declarative statements. It speaks to the classic Dunning-Kruger Effect.