As I mentioned, besides the UIGEA we have the Wire Act (1961, 18 U.S.C. § 1084).
The DOJ has flip flopped on its interpretation of this. Originally DOJ interpreted to apply to all forms of interstate gambling, in 2011, the DOJ opined that it applied to sports betting only, but in 2018, reversed this position "meaning that [its] prohibitions applied to all interstate betting or wagering."
All you have to do is place a bet or wager across the internet for the Wire Act to apply. Up to two years in the federal slammer! I'd imagine that if you were caught and it turned out that you were using some kind of VPN to cloak your location or identity, or any complicated means to disguise the money transfers to your U.S. person, the sentencing punishment would be aggravated. But the mere placement of a bet or wager for financial gain across U.S. state lines by wire (such as internet) is enough to trigger the statute; there is no further requirement that the funds land in your U.S. bank.
Until such time as the Supreme Court decides to take up this issue which the 5th Circuit (2002) or the 1st Circuit district judge (2019) have ruled on, the DOJ remains the ultimate authority.
I always assumed that the reason that we are not allowed to phone or text while wagering at the tables is due to the Wire Act - that we might be taking a wager on the table action.
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